Umgaqo Wokusebenza Weepali Zokutshaja zeDC kwiZithuthi Ezintsha Zamandla

1. Uhlu lweenqwaba zokutshaja

IInqwaba yokutshaja ye-ACisasaza amandla e-AC ukusuka kwigridi yamandla ukuya kwiimodyuli yokutshajangokusebenzisa ulwazi oluhambelana nesithuthi, kunyeimodyuli yokutshajakwisithuthi kulawula amandla okutshaja ibhetri yamandla ukusuka kwi-AC ukuya kwi-DC.

IIsibhamu sokutshaja se-AC (Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, GB/T) ngenxaIzikhululo zokutshaja ze-ACinemingxuma yesiphelo esisi-7, imingxunya esi-7 inee-terminal zesinyithi ezixhasa ii-phase ezintathuIzikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zombane ze-AC(380V), imingxunya esi-7 inemingxunya emi-5 kuphela eneziphelo zesinyithi zesigaba esinyeItshaja ye-AC ev(220V), izibhamu zokutshaja ze-AC zincinci kuneIzibhamu zokutshaja zeDC (CCS1, CCS2, GB/T, Chademo).

IInqwaba yokutshaja yeDCIguqula amandla e-AC egridi yamandla abe ngamandla e-DC ukuze itshaje ibhetri yamandla yesithuthi ngokusebenzisana nesithuthi ngolwazi, kwaye ilawula amandla okukhupha inqwaba yokutshaja ngokwendlela umphathi webhetri kwisithuthi.

Kukho imingxunya emi-9 yesiphelo kwisibhamu sokutshaja se-DCIzikhululo zokutshaja zeDC, kwaye isibhamu sokutshaja se-DC sikhulu kunesibhamu sokutshaja se-AC.

2. Umgaqo osisiseko wokusebenza kweenqwaba zokutshaja zeDC

Kwimigangatho yoshishino ethi “NB/T 33001-2010: Iimeko zobuGcisa zeeTshaja zokuHamba eziNgekho kwiBhodi zeeMoto zoMbane” ekhutshwe yiNational Energy Administration, kucacisiwe ukuba ulwakhiwo olusisiseko lweItshaja ye-DC evibandakanya: iyunithi yamandla, iyunithi yolawulo, iyunithi yokulinganisa, ujongano lokutshaja, ujongano lombane kunye nojongano lonxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu nekhompyutha. Iyunithi yamandla ibhekisa kwimodyuli yokutshaja yeDC, kwaye iyunithi yolawulo ibhekisa kwisilawuli senqwaba yokutshaja. Njengemveliso yokudibanisa inkqubo, ukongeza kumacandelo amabini e-“Imodyuli yokutshaja ye-DC"kunye"isilawuli senqwaba yokutshaja"Eyila isiseko sobugcisa, uyilo lwesakhiwo lukwayenye yezona ngongoma ziphambili zoyilo lokuthembeka kwenqwaba yonke. "Isilawuli seenqwaba zokutshaja" sikwicandelo leekhompyutha ezifakwe ngaphakathi kunye netekhnoloji yesoftware, kwaye "imodyuli yokutshaja ye-DC" imele impumelelo ephezulu yetekhnoloji ye-elektroniki yamandla kwicandelo le-AC/DC.

Inkqubo esisiseko yokutshaja yile: faka i-DC voltage kuzo zombini iziphelo zebhetri, tshaja ibhetri ngombane ophezulu oqhubekayo, i-voltage yebhetri inyuka kancinci kancinci, inyuke ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, i-voltage yebhetri ifikelela kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo, i-SoC ifikelela kwi-95% (kwiibhetri ezahlukeneyo, ezahlukeneyo), kwaye iyaqhubeka nokutshaja ibhetri ngombane ongaguqukiyo kunye nomsinga omncinci. "I-voltage iyanda, kodwa ibhetri ayizalanga, oko kukuthi, ayizalanga, ukuba kukho ixesha, ungatshintshela kumsinga omncinci ukuze uyityebise." Ukuze ufezekise le nkqubo yokutshaja, inqwaba yokutshaja kufuneka ibe "nemodyuli yokutshaja ye-DC" ukubonelela ngamandla e-DC ngokwemisebenzi; Kubalulekile ukuba "nomlawuli wenqwaba yokutshaja" ukulawula "ukuvula, ukuvala, i-voltage yokuphuma, kunye nomsinga wokuphuma" wemodyuli yokutshaja; Kubalulekile ukuba "nesikrini sokuchukumisa" njengojongano lomntu nomatshini ukukhupha imiyalelo, kwaye umlawuli uya kukhupha imiyalelo efana "nokuvula, ukuvala, i-voltage yokuphuma, umsinga wokuphuma" kunye neminye imiyalelo kwimodyuli yokutshaja. Eyona ilula inqwaba yokutshaja imoto yombaneKuqondwa ukuba kwinqanaba lombane kufuneka kuphela ukuba nemodyuli yokutshaja, ibhodi yokulawula kunye nesikrini sokuchukumisa; Ukuba imiyalelo efana nokuvula, ukuvala kunye nevolthi yokuphuma] umsinga wokuphuma wenziwe kwiikhibhodi ezininzi kwimodyuli yokutshaja, ngoko imodyuli yokutshaja inokutshaja ibhetri.

Iinxalenye yombane yetshaja yeDCinesekethe ephambili kunye nesekethe yesibini. Igalelo le-main loop yi-three-phase alternating current, eguqulwa ibe yi-direct current eyamkelekileyo yi-charging module (i-rectifier module) emva kwe-input circuit breaker kunye ne-AC smart energy meter, ize idibanise i-fuse kunyeumpu wetshaja ye-evukutshaja imoto yombane. Isekethe yesibini ineinqwaba yokutshaja imoto yombaneisilawuli, isixhobo sokufunda ikhadi, isikrini sokubonisa, imitha ye-DC, njl. Isekethe yesibini ikwabonelela ngolawulo "lokuqalisa-ukumisa" kunye nokusebenza "kokuyeka okungxamisekileyo"; Isibane sesignali sinika izalathiso "zokulinda", "zokutshaja" kunye "nezokuzalisa"; Njengesixhobo sokusebenzisana phakathi kwabantu nekhompyutha, isibonisi sinika ukuswayipha ikhadi, useto lwendlela yokutshaja kunye nemisebenzi yokulawula ukuqala-ukumisa.

Umgaqo wombane weenqwaba zokutshaja zeDC ushwankathelwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Imodyuli enye yokutshaja okwangoku inamandla e-15kW kuphela, engenakuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla, kwaye ifuna iimodyuli ezininzi zokutshaja ukuze zisebenze kunye ngaxeshanye, kwaye kufuneka ibe nebhasi ye-CAN ukuze kufezekiswe ukwabelana ngoku kweemodyuli ezininzi;
• Igalelo lemodyuli yokutshaja livela kwigridi yamandla, engumbane onamandla aphezulu, equka igridi yamandla kunye nokhuseleko lomntu, ingakumbi ukhuseleko lomntu, kuyimfuneko ukufaka iswitshi yomoya (igama lesayensi yi "plastic shell circuit breaker"), iswitshi yokukhusela umbane okanye iswitshi yokuvuza ekupheleni kwegalelo;
• Imveliso yenqwaba yokutshaja yi-voltage ephezulu kunye nombane ophezulu, ibhetri ine-electrochemical, kulula ukuyiqhuma, ukuthintela ukhuseleko lokungasebenzi kakuhle, imveliso kufuneka ibe ne-fuse;
• Imiba yokhuseleko yeyona nto iphambili, ukongeza kwimilinganiselo ekwisiphelo sokufaka, kufuneka kubekho izitshixo zoomatshini kunye nezitshixo ze-elektroniki, kufuneka kubekho uvavanyo lokufakelwa kwe-insulation, kwaye kufuneka kubekho ukumelana nokukhupha amanzi;
• Ukuba ibhetri iyayamkela na into yokutshaja, ayimiselwa yinqwaba yokutshaja, kodwa yingqondo yebhetri, i-BMS. I-BMS ikhupha imiyalelo kumlawuli yokuba "kuvumelekile na ukutshaja, nokuba kupheliswe ukutshaja, ukuba ingakanani i-voltage kunye nomsinga onokwamkelwa", aze umlawuli ayithumele kwimodyuli yokutshaja. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuphumeza unxibelelwano lwe-CAN phakathi komlawuli kunye ne-BMS, kunye nonxibelelwano lwe-CAN phakathi komlawuli kunye nemodyuli yokutshaja;
• Inqwaba yokutshaja nayo kufuneka ijongwe kwaye ilawulwe, kwaye isilawuli kufuneka siqhagamshelwe ngasemva nge-WiFi okanye i-3G/4G kunye nezinye iimodyuli zonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi;
• Ibhili yombane yokutshaja ayisimahla, kwaye kufuneka kufakwe imitha, kwaye kufuneka umfundi wekhadi ukuze kufezekiswe umsebenzi wokuhlawula;
• Kufuneka kubekho isibane esicacileyo sesalathisi kwiqokobhe lenqwaba yokutshaja, ngokuqhelekileyo izibane ezintathu zesalathisi, ezibonisa ukutshaja, impazamo kunye nombane ngokwahlukeneyo;
• Uyilo lwemibhobho yomoya yeenqwaba zokutshaja zeDC lubalulekile. Ukongeza kulwazi lwesakhiwo, uyilo lwemibhobho yomoya lufuna ukuba kufakwe ifeni kwinqwaba yokutshaja, nangona kukho ifeni ngaphakathi kwimodyuli nganye yokutshaja.