Kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, kufuneka sisebenzise umbane yonke imihla, kwaye asiqhelananga nomsinga othe ngqo kunye nomsinga otshintshanayo, umzekelo, umbane ophuma kwibhetri ngumbane othe ngqo, ngelixa umbane wasekhaya nowemizi-mveliso ungumbane otshintshanayo, ngoko ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini zombane?
“Umsinga othe ngqo”, okwaziwa ngokuba “ngumsinga ohlala uhleli”, umsinga ohlala uhleli luhlobo lomsinga othe ngqo, ubukhulu balo mzuzu kunye necala alitshintshi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukutshintshana kwamandla
Umbane otshintshiselanayo (i-AC)yi-current enobukhulu bayo kunye necala elitshintsha rhoqo, kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-alternating current okanye i-alternating current kuba ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-periodic current kumjikelo omnye liyi-zero.
Indlela ejikeleziswa ngayo iyafana kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ezithe ngqo. Ngokwesiqhelo i-waveform yi-sinusoidal. I-Alternating current inokuhambisa umbane ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye ii-waveforms ezisetyenziswa ngokwenene, ezifana namaza angoonxantathu kunye namaza esikwere.
Ukwahluka
1. Icala: Kwicala langoku ngqo, icala langoku lihlala lifana, lihamba kwicala elinye. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, icala langoku kwicala langoku elitshintshanayo litshintsha rhoqo, litshintshana phakathi kwecala elihle nelibi.
2. Utshintsho lweVolthi: I-voltage ye-DC ihlala ihleli kwaye ayitshintshi ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-voltage ye-alternating current (AC), kwelinye icala, i-sinusoidal ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye i-frequency idla ngokuba yi-50 Hz okanye i-60 Hz.
3. Umgama wokudluliselwa: I-DC inokulahleka kwamandla okuncinci ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwaye ingadluliselwa kumgama omde. Nangona amandla e-AC kukudluliselwa komgama omde aya kuba nokulahleka kwamandla okukhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka ilungiswe kwaye ihlawulwe nge-transformer.
4. Uhlobo lombane: Imithombo yamandla eqhelekileyo ye-DC iquka iibhetri kunye neeseli zelanga, njl. Le mithombo yamandla ivelisa umbane we-DC. Ngelixa amandla e-AC edla ngokuveliswa zizityalo zamandla kwaye anikezelwa ngee-transformers kunye neentambo zothumelo ukuze zisetyenziswe ekhaya nakwimizi-mveliso.
5. Iindawo zokusetyenziswa: I-DC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki, izithuthi zombane,Izikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV, njl. I-AC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimfuno zasekhaya. I-Alternating current (AC) isetyenziswa kakhulu kumbane wasekhaya, kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, nasekudluliseleni umbane.
6. Amandla angoku: Amandla angoku e-AC anokwahluka ngokwemijikelo, ngelixa amandla e-DC ehlala engaguquki. Oku kuthetha ukuba kumandla afanayo, amandla angoku e-AC anokuba makhulu kune-DC.
7. Iziphumo kunye nokhuseleko: Ngenxa yokwahluka kwicala langoku kunye nevolthi yombane otshintshanayo, inokubangela imitha ye-electromagnetic, iziphumo ze-inductive kunye ne-capacitive. Ezi ziphumo zinokuba nefuthe ekusebenzeni kwezixhobo kunye nempilo yabantu phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amandla e-DC awanazo ezi ngxaki kwaye ke ngoko akhethwa kwizixhobo ezithile ezinobuthathaka okanye usetyenziso oluthile.
8. Ukulahleka koThutho: Amandla e-DC alahlekelwa ngamandla aphantsi xa ethunyelwa kumgama omde kuba akachaphazeleki kukumelana nokungena kwamandla e-AC. Oku kwenza i-DC isebenze ngakumbi ekudluliseni umgama omde kunye nokudluliselwa kwamandla.
9. Ixabiso lezixhobo: Izixhobo ze-AC (umz., ii-transformers, iijenereyitha, njl.njl.) ziqheleke kakhulu kwaye zivuthiwe, ngoko ke ixabiso lazo liphantsi. Izixhobo ze-DC (umz.,ii-inverters, abalawuli be-voltage, njl.njl.), kwelinye icala, idla ngokubiza kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-DC, iindleko zezixhobo ze-DC ziyehla kancinci kancinci.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-28-2023
