'Ulwimi' lwezikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV: uhlalutyo olukhulu lweenkqubo zokutshaja

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi zombane zinokulinganisa ngokuzenzekelayo amandla okutshaja emva kokufaka iplagiinqwaba yokutshajaKutheni abanyeiinqwaba zokutshajaNgaba ziyatshaja ngokukhawuleza kwaye ezinye zihamba kancinci? Emva koku kukho uluhlu "lolwimi olungabonakaliyo" olulawulayo - oko kukuthi, iprotokholi yokutshaja. Namhlanje, masityhile "imithetho yencoko" phakathiiipali zokutshaja kunye nezithuthi zombane!

1. Yintoni iprotokholi yokutshaja?

• IIprotokholi yokutshaja"lulwimi+ixesha" lonxibelelwano phakathi kwezithuthi zombane (ii-EV) kunyeizikhululo zokutshaja ze-EV(ii-EVSE) ezichaza:
• I-Voltage, uluhlu lwangoku (lumisela isantya sokutshaja)
• Indlela yokutshaja (i-AC/DC)
• Indlela yokukhusela ukhuseleko (i-over-voltage, i-over-current, ukujonga ubushushu, njl.njl.)
• Ukusebenzisana kwedatha (imeko yebhetri, inkqubela yokutshaja, njl.njl.)

Ngaphandle kweprotocol edibeneyo,iinqwaba zokutshaja ze-evkwaye izithuthi zombane zisenokungaqondani, nto leyo ebangela ukungakwazi ukutshaja okanye ukutshaja okungasebenzi kakuhle.

2. Zithini iindlela zokutshaja ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?

Okwangoku, i-commoniiprotokholi zokutshaja ze-evkwihlabathi liphela zahlulwe kakhulu zibe zezi ndidi zilandelayo:

(1) Iprotokholi yokutshaja i-AC

Ifanelekile ukutshaja kancinci (iipali ze-AC zasekhaya/zikawonkewonke):

• I-GB/T (umgangatho wesizwe): umgangatho waseTshayina, oqhelekileyo wasekhaya, ofana ne-BYD, i-NIO kunye nezinye iimpawu ezisetyenzisiweyo.
• IEC 61851 (umgangatho waseYurophu): isetyenziswa kakhulu eYurophu, njengeTesla (uhlobo lwaseYurophu), iBMW, njl.
• I-SAE J1772 (umgangatho waseMelika): Iimoto eziphambili zaseMntla Melika, ezifana neTesla (uhlobo lwaseMelika), iFord, njl.

(2) Iprotokholi yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ye-DC

Ifanelekile ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza (iipali zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-DC zikawonke-wonke):

• GB/T (National Standard DC): Uluntu lwasekhayaizitishi zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-dczisetyenziswa kakhulu, njengeState Grid, iTelei, njl.njl.
• I-CCS (Combo): isetyenziswa kakhulu eYurophu nase-United States, idibanisa ii-AC (J1772) kunye nee-DC interfaces.
• I-CHAdeMO: Umgangatho waseJapan, owawusetyenziswa kwiNissan Leaf yakudala nakwezinye iimodeli, ngokuthe ngcembe wathatyathelw’ indawo yiI-CCS.
• I-Tesla NACS: Iprotokholi ekhethekileyo yeTesla, kodwa ivulelwa ezinye iimpawu (umz., iFord, iGM).

3. Kutheni iiprotokholi ezahlukeneyo zichaphazela isantya sokutshaja?

Iiprotokholi yokutshaja imoto yombaneimisela ingxoxo ephezulu yamandla phakathiitshaja ye-evkunye nesithuthi. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba imoto yakho ixhasa i-GB/T 250A, kodwainqwaba yokutshaja imoto yombaneixhasa i-200A kuphela, umsinga wokutshaja uya kulinganiselwa kwi-200A.
• I-Tesla Supercharging (NACS) inokubonelela ngamandla aphezulu angama-250kW+, kodwa ukutshaja okukhawulezayo okuqhelekileyo kwesizwe kunokuba yi-60-120kW kuphela.

Ukuhambelana kubalulekile:

• Ukusebenzisa iiadaptha (ezifana neeadaptha ze-GB zeTesla) kunokulungiswa kwiiprotokholi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa amandla anokulinganiselwa.
• Ezinyeizitishi zokutshaja iimoto zombaneukuxhasa ukuhambelana kweprotocol ezininzi (njengokuxhasaGB/Tkunye neCHAdeMO ngaxeshanye).

4. Iindlela Zexesha Elizayo: Isivumelwano Esimanyeneyo?

Okwangoku, kwihlabathi liphelaiindlela zokutshaja izithuthi zombaneazihambelani ngokupheleleyo, kodwa umkhwa ngulo:

• I-Tesla NACS iya isiba yinto eqhelekileyo eMntla Melika (iFord, iGM, njl.njl.).
• I-CCS2ilawula eYurophu.
• I-GB/T yaseTshayina isaphuculwa ukuze ikwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza ngamandla aphezulu (njengeeplatifomu ze-800V eziphezulu ze-voltage).
• Iiprotokholi zokutshaja ngaphandle kwentambo ezifanaI-SAE J2954ziyaphuhliswa.

5. Iingcebiso: Uqinisekisa njani ukuba ukutshaja kuyahambelana?

Xa uthenga imoto: Qinisekisa indlela yokutshaja exhaswa yimoto (njengomgangatho wesizwe/umgangatho waseYurophu/umgangatho waseMelika).

Xa utshaja: Sebenzisa isixhobo esihambelanayoisikhululo sokutshaja izithuthi zombane, okanye uphathe iadaptha (njengabanini beTesla).

Inqwaba yokutshaja ngokukhawulezaukhetho: Jonga iprotokholi ephawulwe kwinqwaba yokutshaja (efana neCCS, GB/T, njl.njl.).

isishwankathelo

Iprotokholi yokutshaja ifana "negama eliyimfihlo" phakathi kwesithuthi sombane kunyeisikhululo setshaja se-ev, kwaye kuphela ukufanisa okunokutshajwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, isenokudityaniswa ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo, kodwa kusafuneka unikele ingqalelo ekuhambelaneni. Yeyiphi iprotokholi esetyenziswa yimoto yakho yombane? Yiya ujonge ilogo ekwizibuko lokutshaja!