'Ulwimi' lwezikhululo zokutshaja: uhlalutyo olukhulu lweeprothokholi zokutshaja

Ngaba ukhe uzibuze ukuba kutheni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemoto zombane zinokuhambelana ngokuzenzekelayo namandla okutshaja emva kokuplagainqwaba yokutshaja? Kutheni abanye besenzaukutshaja iimfumbaukuhlawulisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye abanye ngokucothayo? Emva koku kukho isethi "yolwimi olungabonakaliyo" olulawulayo - oko kukuthi, iprotocol yokutshaja. Namhlanje, masityhile “imithetho yengxoxo” phakathiukutshaja iimfumba kunye nezithuthi zombane!

1. Yintoni umthetho olandelwayo wokutshaja?

• IInkqubo yokuTjajayi "ulwimi + yobudala" yonxibelelwano phakathi kwezithuthi zombane (EVs) kunyeizikhululo zokutshaja ev(EVSEs) ezicacisa:
• I-Voltge, uluhlu lwangoku (lumisela isantya sokutshaja)
• Imo yokuTshaja (AC/DC)
• Indlela yokukhusela ukhuseleko (i-over-voltage, over-current, esweni ubushushu, njl.njl.)
• Ukusebenzisana kwedatha (imo yebhetri, inkqubela yokutshaja, njl.njl.)

Ngaphandle kweprotocol edibeneyo,ev ukutshaja iimfumbakwaye izithuthi zombane zinokuthi "zingaqondi" omnye komnye, okukhokelela ekungakwazini ukubiza okanye ukutshaja okungafanelekanga.

2. Zeziphi iiprothokholi zokutshaja eziqhelekileyo?

Okwangoku, eqhelekileyoIiprothokholi zokutshaja evkwihlabathi jikelele zahlulwe kakhulu kwezi ndidi zilandelayo:

(1) Iprotocol yokutshaja i-AC

Ifanele ukutshaja okucothayo (ikhaya/iimfumba zeAC zoluntu):

• I-GB / T (umgangatho wesizwe): Umgangatho waseTshayina, umgangatho wasekhaya, njenge-BYD, i-NIO kunye nezinye iimpawu ezisetyenzisiweyo.
• IEC 61851 (umgangatho waseYurophu): isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo eYurophu, njengeTesla (inguqulo yaseYurophu), iBMW, njl.
• I-SAE J1772 (umgangatho waseMelika): I-North America eqhelekileyo, njengeTesla (i-US version), i-Ford, njl.

(2) Inkqubo yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC

Ifanelekile ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza (public DC fast ukutshaja iimfumba):

• I-GB/T (i-National Standard DC): Uluntu lwasekhayaizikhululo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ze-dczisetyenziswa ikakhulu, ezifana State Grid, Telei, njl.
• I-CCS (i-Combo): eyona nto iphambili eYurophu nase-United States, idibanisa i-AC (J1772) kunye ne-DC interfaces.
• I-CHAdeMO: Umgangatho waseJapan, osetyenziswe ekuqaleni kweNissan Leaf kunye nezinye iimodeli, ngokuthe ngcembe zatshintshwaCCS.
• I-Tesla NACS: I-protocol ye-Tesla-ekhethekileyo, kodwa ivulelwa ezinye iimpawu (umzekelo, i-Ford, i-GM).

3. Kutheni iiprothokholi ezahlukeneyo zichaphazela isantya sokutshaja?

Iiprotocol yokutshaja imoto yombaneimisela olona thethwano luphezulu lwamandla phakathi kweev itshajakunye nesithuthi. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba imoto yakho ixhasa GB/T 250A, kodwa iimfumba yokutshaja imoto yombaneixhasa kuphela i-200A, eyona nto ikhoyo ngoku iya kuba yi-200A.
• I-Tesla Supercharging (NACS) inokubonelela ngama-250kW+ amandla aphezulu, kodwa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza okuqhelekileyo okuqhelekileyo kwesizwe kunokuba yi-60-120kW kuphela.

Ukuhambelana nakho kubalulekile:

• Ukusebenzisa ii-adapters (ezifana nee-adapters ze-GB zeTesla) zinokuhlengahlengiswa kwiiprotokholi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa amandla anokunciphisa.
• Abanyeizikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zombaneinkxaso yokuhambelana kweeprotocol ezininzi (ezifana nokuxhasaGB/Tkunye neCHAdeMO ngaxeshanye).

4. IiNdlela zekamva: ISivumelwano esiManyeneyo?

Okwangoku, kwihlabathi jikeleleiiprothokholi zokutshaja isithuthi sombaneazingqinelani ngokupheleleyo, kodwa intsingiselo yile:

• I-Tesla NACS ngokuthe ngcembe iba yinto eqhelekileyo kuMntla Melika (i-Ford, i-GM, njl.
• CCS2yeyona ibalaseleyo eYurophu.
• I-GB/T yaseTshayina isaphuculwa ukuze ikwazi ukuthwala umbane okhawulezayo wokutshaja (njengamaqonga ombane aphezulu angama-800V).
• Wireless ukutshaja iiprothokholi ezifanaSAE J2954ziyaphuhliswa.

5. Iingcebiso: Uqinisekisa njani ukuba ukutshaja kuyahambelana?

Xa uthenga imoto: Qinisekisa umthetho olandelwayo wokutshaja oxhaswa sisithuthi (njengomgangatho wesizwe/umgangatho waseYurophu/umgangatho waseMelika).

Xa utshaja: Sebenzisa ehambelanayoisikhululo sokutshaja isithuthi sombane, okanye uphathe i-adapter (njengabanikazi beTesla).

Inqwaba yokutshaja ngokukhawulezaukhetho: Khangela iprotocol ephawulwe kwimfumba yokutshaja (efana neCCS, GB/T, njl.).

isishwankathelo

Iprothokholi yokutshaja ifana "negama lokugqitha" phakathi kwesithuthi sombane kunye neisikhululo setshaja ev, kwaye ukuhambelana kuphela kunokuhlawuliswa ngokufanelekileyo. Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, inokuthi idityaniswe ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo, kodwa kuseyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo ukuhambelana. Yeyiphi iprothokholi esetyenziswa sisithuthi sakho sombane? Yiya kwaye ujonge uphawu kwizibuko lokutshaja!