Kwinqaku lokugqibela, sithethe ngendlela ephucukileyo yophuhliso lobuchwepheshaimodyuli yokutshaja inqwaba yokutshaja, kwaye kufuneka ukuba uzive ngokucacileyo ulwazi olufanelekileyo, kwaye ufunde okanye waqinisekisa okuninzi. Ngoku! Sigxila kwimingeni namathuba oshishino lokutshaja iinqwaba
Imingeni kunye namathuba kushishino
(1) Imingeni
Emva kophuhliso olunamandla lweimboni yokutshaja iinqwaba, ikwajongene nemingeni emininzi. Ngokwembono yeziseko zophuhliso, ingxaki yolwakhiwo olungagqibelelanga kunye nolwakhiwo olungafanelekanga lwezixhobo zokutshaja iyabonakala ngakumbi. Iinqwaba zokutshaja zixinene kwiindawo zasezidolophini, kodwa inani lazoiinqwaba zokutshajakwiindawo ezikude, kwiilali nakwezinye iindawo ezindala azanelanga kwaphela, nto leyo ebangela ubunzimaisithuthi esitsha samandlaabasebenzisi abafanele bahlawulise kwezi ndawo. Kwezinye iindawo zasemaphandleni ezikude,inqwaba yokutshajaazinakufumaneka kumgama weekhilomitha ezingamashumi, nto leyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo ethintela ukuthandwa nokukhuthazwa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kwezi ndawo. Kukwakho nokungalingani kwinkonzo yeizixhobo zokutshaja, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo, iindawo ezahlukeneyo zeenqwaba zokutshaja ekusebenziseni amava, imigangatho yokutshaja kunye nezinye iinkalo zomahluko, ezinye iinqwaba zokutshaja nazo zinezixhobo ezigugayo, ukungasebenzi rhoqo, ukugcinwa kwexesha kunye nezinye iingxaki, ezichaphazela ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwabasebenzisi.
Ukusebenza kweIsikhululo sokutshaja se-EVimboni nayo ayimiselwanga mgangatho ngokwaneleyo. Imigangatho yeshishini ayihlanganiswanga ngokwaneleyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umgangathoimodyuli yokutshajaiimveliso ezikwimarike, kunye nezinye iimveliso eziphantsi azichaphazeli nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja, kodwa zikwaneengozi zokhuseleko ezinokubakho. Ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko, amanye amashishini anciphisa amathuba kwinkqubo yemveliso aze asebenzise izinto ze-elektroniki ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ezinokuthi zingasebenzi kakuhle ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwaye zide zibangele iingozi zokhuseleko ezifana nemililo. Ukhuphiswano lwemarike lunzima, kwaye amanye amashishini asebenzisa amaqhinga okhuphiswano amaxabiso aphantsi ukuze akhuphisane ngesabelo semarike, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inzuzo iyonke yoshishino icinezelwe kwaye inzuzo yamashishini yehle, nto leyo echaphazela notyalo-mali lwamashishini kuphando lwetekhnoloji nophuhliso kunye nokuphuculwa komgangatho wemveliso ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, into engalunganga kuphuhliso olusempilweni noluzinzileyo lweshishini.
Utshintsho olukhulu kushishino kunye nokhuphiswano lwamaxabiso oluqatha lolunye ucelomngeni olunzima olujongene nalo mbandela wangoku.itshaja yemoto yombaneNgokukhula kwemfuno yemarike, amashishini amaninzi angena kwi-Inqwaba yokutshaja ye-EVImarike, nto leyo ekhokelela kukhuphiswano lwemarike oluya lukhula ngamandla. Ukuze zibonakale kukhuphiswano, iinkampani ziqalise iimfazwe zamaxabiso kwaye zinciphisa rhoqo amaxabiso emveliso. Olu khuphiswano lubi lubangele ukuba umda wenzuzo kushishino uqhubeke uncipha, kwaye amashishini amaninzi ajongene nobunzima bokwenza inzuzo. Ngenxa yamandla awo obuchwephesha abuthathaka kunye nokukwazi ukulawula iindleko kakubi, amanye amashishini amancinci ayasokola kwimfazwe yamaxabiso kwaye ajongene nomngcipheko wokupheliswa. Ukhuphiswano lwamaxabiso lukwakhokelela ekunciphiseni utyalo-mali lwamashishini kumgangatho wemveliso kunye nenkonzo yasemva kokuthengisa, nto leyo echaphazela umfanekiso kunye namava omsebenzisi kulo lonke ishishini.
(2) Amathuba
Nangona kukho imingeni,imodyuli yokutshaja inqwaba yokutshajaIshishini likwazise amathuba ophuhliso angazange abonwe ngaphambili. Ukuqhutywa yimigaqo-nkqubo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni eli shishini. Oorhulumente kwihlabathi liphela bazise uthotho lwemigaqo-nkqubo yokuxhasa uphuhliso lwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kunyeamashishini okutshaja iinqwaba, enika isiqinisekiso esiqinileyo somgaqo-nkqubo wophuhliso lweli shishini. Urhulumente welizwe lethu uyaqhubeka nokwandisa inkxaso kwiisithuthi esitsha samandlakushishino, kwaye iqalise imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi yenkuthazo, efana neenkxaso-mali zokuthenga iimoto, ukukhululwa kwirhafu yokuthenga, inkxaso-mali yokwakha izakhiwo zokuhlawulisa, njl.njl., ezingakhuthazi nje kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, kodwa zikwaqhuba uphuhlisoizitishi zokutshaja izithuthi zamandla ezintshakunye neemarike zeemodyuli zokutshaja. Oorhulumente basekhaya nabo babandakanye ukwakhiwa kweitshaja ye-evkwisicwangciso sokwakhiwa kweziseko zophuhliso zasezidolophini, utyalo-mali olongezelelekileyo ekwakhiweni kweenqwaba zokutshaja, kwaye kwadalwa indawo ebanzi yemarike kushishino lweemodyuli zokutshaja.
Ukukhula kwemfuno yemarike kukwazise namathuba amakhulu kushishino. Ukunyuka okuqhubekayo kwintengiso yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kuye kwandisa imfuno yemarike yeiinqwaba zokutshaja ezikrelekreleAbathengi abaninzi bakhetha ukuthenga izithuthi ezintsha zamandla, nto leyo efuna inani kunye noyilo lweenqwaba zokutshaja ukuze ziqhubeke. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nesidingo esikhulayo sokutshaja, iindawo ezahlukeneyo ziye zakhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kweenqwaba zokutshaja, kwaye inani elikhulu lazoiinqwaba zokutshaja zikawonke-wonkekwaye kwakhiwe iinqwaba zokutshaja zabucala. Iikhompleksi zorhwebo, iindawo zeenkonzo zeendlela ezinkulu, iindawo zokuhlala kunye nezinye iindawo nazo zonyuse ukwakhiwa kweizikhululo zokutshaja zorhwebo, nto leyo enika amathuba amaninzi emarikeiinkampani zezikhululo zokutshajaNgophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokugcina amandla, imfuno yeemodyuli zokutshaja zeiinkqubo zokugcina amandlaiyanda kancinci kancinci, nto leyo eyandisa ngakumbi indawo yemarike yeemodyuli zokutshaja.
Inkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe izise amathuba amatsha ophuhliso lweli shishini. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha kunye neenkqubo ezintsha kuyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokuphuculwaizikhululo zokutshaja iimoto zombaneubuchwepheshe. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezintsha ze-semiconductor ezifana ne-silicon carbide (SiC) kunokuphucula ngempumelelo ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kunye noxinano lwamandla eemodyuli zokutshaja ze-EV, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla, kunye nokwenza iimodyuli zokutshaja zisebenze ngakumbi kwaye zonge amandla. Iinkqubo ezintsha zokuvelisa kunye netekhnoloji zikwanceda ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso. Amanye amashishini asebenzisa izixhobo zemveliso ezizenzekelayo kunye netekhnoloji ukuze afezekise imveliso enkulu yeiinqwaba zokutshaja iibhetri zeemoto zombane, engaphuculi nje kuphela uzinzo lomgangatho wemveliso, kodwa ikwanciphisa iindleko zemveliso kwaye iphucule ukhuphiswano lwemarike lwamashishini. Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji ekrelekrele lukwabonelela ngethuba lokuphuculwa ngokukrelekrele kweemodyuli zokutshaja, ngolawulo olukrelekrele kunye nolawulo, isikhululo sokutshaja sinokufikelela kulawulo lokutshaja oluchanekileyo ngakumbi, ukujonga kude kunye nokuxilongwa kweempazamo kunye neminye imisebenzi, kwaye kuphuculwe amava omsebenzisi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-21-2025
