Kuthekani ngePV yelanga ephahleni? Zithini iingenelo ngaphezu kwamandla omoya?

Ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nongcoliseko lomoya, urhulumente uxhase ngamandla uphuhliso lweshishini lokuvelisa amandla elanga eluphahleni. Iinkampani ezininzi, amaziko kunye nabantu ngabanye baqalise ukufaka izixhobo zokuvelisa amandla elanga eluphahleni.

Akukho mida yejografi kwizixhobo zamandla elanga, ezisasazeke kakhulu kwaye zingapheli. Ke ngoko, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiteknoloji ezintsha zokuvelisa umbane (ukuveliswa kombane womoya kunye nokuveliswa kombane we-biomass, njl.njl.), ukuveliswa kombane we-photovoltaic welanga ophahleni yiteknoloji yokuvelisa umbane ovuselelekayo eneempawu ezifanelekileyo zophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngokuyintloko inezibonelelo ezilandelayo:

1. Izixhobo zamandla elanga azipheli kwaye azipheli. Amandla elanga akhanya emhlabeni makhulu ngokuphindwe kayi-6,000 kunamandla asetyenziswa ngabantu ngoku. Ukongeza, amandla elanga asasazeke kakhulu emhlabeni, kwaye iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic zingasetyenziswa kuphela kwiindawo apho kukho ukukhanya, kwaye azithintelwanga zizinto ezifana nommandla kunye nokuphakama.

2. Izixhobo zamandla elanga zifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo kwaye zinokubonelela ngombane kufutshane. Akukho mfuneko yokuthutha umgama omde, nto leyo ethintela ukulahleka kwamandla ombane abangelwa ziintambo zokuhambisa umgama omde, kwaye ikwagcina iindleko zokuhambisa umbane. Oku kukwabonelela ngemfuneko yocwangciso olukhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokuvelisa umbane welanga zasekhaya kummandla wasentshona apho ukuhanjiswa kombane kungakhululekanga.

3. Inkqubo yokuguqula amandla okuvelisa umbane welanga eluphahleni ilula. Luguquko oluthe ngqo ukusuka kwii-photon ukuya kwii-electron. Akukho nkqubo iphambili (njengokuguqulwa kwamandla obushushu abe ngamandla oomatshini, ukuguqulwa kwamandla oomatshini abe ngamandla ombane, njl. kunye nomsebenzi woomatshini, kwaye akukho kudinwa koomatshini. Ngokutsho kohlalutyo lwe-thermodynamic, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunokusebenza kakuhle kokuvelisa umbane ngokwethiyori, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80%, kwaye kunamandla amakhulu ophuhliso lobuchwepheshe.

4. Ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga ophahleni ngokwalo akusebenzisi mafutha, akukhuphi zinto kuquka iigesi ezigcina ubushushu kunye nezinye iigesi ezilahlwayo, akungcolisi moya, akuvelisi ngxolo, kunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kwaye akuyi kuba neengxaki zamandla okanye imakethi yamafutha eqhubekayo. I-Shock luhlobo olutsha lwamandla ahlaziyekayo oluluhlaza ngokwenene kwaye lunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.

5. Akukho mfuneko yamanzi okupholisa ngexesha lokuveliswa kwamandla elanga eluphahleni, kwaye angafakwa kwintlango engenanto ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunokudityaniswa ngokulula nezakhiwo ukwenza inkqubo yokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic edibeneyo, engadingi kuhlalwa kuphela emhlabeni kwaye inokonga izixhobo ezixabisekileyo zesiza.

6. Ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga eluphahleni akunazo iindawo zokuhambisa umbane ngoomatshini, ukusebenza nokugcinwa kulula, kwaye ukusebenza kuzinzile kwaye kuthembekile. Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic inokuvelisa umbane kuphela ngezinto zeseli zelanga, kwaye ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwetekhnoloji yokulawula esebenzayo, ayinakujongwa kwaye iindleko zokugcinwa ziphantsi.

7. Ukusebenza kokuveliswa kwamandla elanga eluphahleni kuzinzile kwaye kuthembekile, kwaye ubomi benkonzo bungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30. Ubomi benkonzo yeeseli zelanga ze-crystalline silicon bunokufikelela kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-35. Kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, ukuba nje uyilo lufanelekile kwaye imo ifanelekile, ubomi bebhetri bunokuba bude. Kude kube yiminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15.