Ngophuhliso olukhulayo lweshishini lezithuthi zamandla amatsha, inqwaba yokutshaja yeDC, njengesixhobo esiphambili sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwezithuthi zombane, kancinci kancinci ithatha indawo ebalulekileyo kwimarike, kwayeBeiHai Amandla(iTshayina), njengelungu lecandelo elitsha lamandla, ikwanegalelo elibalulekileyo ekwandiseni nasekukhuthazeni amandla amatsha. Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza iinqwaba zokutshaja zeDC ngokubhekiselele kubuchwepheshe besicelo, umgaqo wokusebenza, amandla okutshaja, ulwakhiwo lohlulo, iimeko zokusetyenziswa kunye neempawu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji
Inqwaba yokutshaja ye-DC (ebizwa ngokuba yinqwaba yokutshaja ye-DC) isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili be-elektroniki, kwaye umbindi wayo ukwi-inverter yangaphakathi. Umbindi we-inverter yi-inverter yangaphakathi, enokuguqula ngokufanelekileyo amandla e-AC ukusuka kwigridi yamandla ukuya kumandla e-DC kwaye iwanike ngokuthe ngqo kwibhetri yesithuthi sombane ukuze itshaje. Le nkqubo yokuguqula yenziwa ngaphakathi kwisithuba sokutshaja, ithintela ukulahleka kokuguqulwa kwamandla yi-inverter ye-EV ebhodini, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja. Ukongeza, isithuba sokutshaja se-DC sixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yolawulo ekrelekrele elungisa ngokuzenzekelayo umbane wokutshaja kunye ne-voltage ngokwemeko yebhetri yexesha langempela, iqinisekisa inkqubo yokutshaja ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo.
Umgaqo Wokusebenza
Umgaqo wokusebenza kwenqwaba yokutshaja ye-DC ubandakanya iinkalo ezintathu: ukuguqulwa kwamandla, ulawulo lwangoku kunye nolawulo lonxibelelwano:
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla:Okokuqala, inqwaba yokutshaja ye-DC kufuneka iguqule amandla e-AC abe ngamandla e-DC, nto leyo eyenziwa yi-rectifier yangaphakathi. I-rectifier idla ngokusebenzisa isekethe ye-bridge rectifier, eyenziwe zii-diode ezine, kwaye inokuguqula ii-halfs ezingalunganga nezilungileyo zamandla e-AC zibe ngamandla e-DC ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ulawulo lwangoku:Iitshaja ze-DC kufuneka zilawule umsinga wokutshaja ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokutshaja. Ulawulo lwangoku luqatshelwa yisilawuli sokutshaja ngaphakathi kwinqwaba yokutshaja, esinokulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo ubungakanani bomsinga wokutshaja ngokwemfuno yesithuthi sombane kunye nomthamo wenqwaba yokutshaja.
Ulawulo lonxibelelwano:Iinqwaba zokutshaja zeDC zihlala zinomsebenzi wokunxibelelana nesithuthi sombane ukuze kufezekiswe ulawulo kunye nokubeka esweni inkqubo yokutshaja. Ulawulo lonxibelelwano lwenziwa ngemodyuli yonxibelelwano ngaphakathi kwinqwaba yokutshaja, enokwenza unxibelelwano oluhamba macala amabini nesithuthi sombane, kubandakanya ukuthumela imiyalelo yokutshaja ukusuka kwinqwaba yokutshaja ukuya kwisithuthi sombane kunye nokufumana ulwazi lwesimo sesithuthi sombane.
Amandla okutshaja
Iipali zokutshaja zeDC zaziwa ngokukwazi kwazo ukutshaja ngamandla aphezulu. Kukho iintlobo ngeentloboIitshaja zeDCkwimarike, kuquka i-40kW, i-60kW, i-120kW, i-160kW kwane-240kW. Ezi tshaja zinamandla aphezulu ziyakwazi ukuphinda zizalise izithuthi zombane ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elifutshane, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokutshaja. Umzekelo, iposti yokutshaja ye-DC enamandla e-100kW, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, inokutshaja ibhetri yesithuthi sombane ngokupheleleyo kwisithuba sesiqingatha seyure ukuya kwiyure. Itekhnoloji yokutshaja kakhulu ide yonyuse amandla okutshaja aye ngaphezulu kwe-200kW, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokutshaja kwaye izisa lula kakhulu kubasebenzisi bezithuthi zombane.
Ulwahlulo kunye nolwakhiwo
Iinqwaba zokutshaja ze-DC zinokuhlulwahlulwa ngokwemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo, njengobungakanani bamandla, inani lezibhamu zokutshaja, uhlobo lolwakhiwo kunye nendlela yokufakela.
Ulwakhiwo lwenqwaba yokutshaja:Iinqwaba zokutshaja zeDC zinokwahlulwa zibe yinqwaba yokutshaja yeDC edibeneyo kunye nenqwaba yokutshaja yeDC ehlukeneyo.
Imigangatho yeendawo zokutshaja:inokwahlulwahlulwa ngokwemigangatho yesiTshayina:GB/T; Umgangatho waseYurophu: IEC (IKhomishini ye-Electrotechnical yeHlabathi); Umgangatho wase-US: SAE (uMbutho weeNjineli zeeMoto zase-United States); Umgangatho waseJapan: CHAdeMO (eJapan).
Udidi lwezibhamu zokutshaja:Ngokwenani leembumbulu zetshaja, inqwaba yokutshaja ingahlulwa ibe yimbumbulu enye, imbumbulu ezimbini, imbumbulu ezintathu, kwaye ingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokwemfuno yokwenyani.
Ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwesithuba sokutshaja:Inxalenye yombane yeIposi yokutshaja yeDCIquka isekethe yokuqala kunye nesekethe yesibini. Igalelo lesekethe ephambili ngamandla e-AC amanqanaba amathathu, aguqulwa abe ngamandla e-DC amkelekileyo kwibhetri yimodyuli yokutshaja (imodyuli yokulungisa) emva kokufaka i-circuit breaker kunye ne-AC smart meter, aze aqhagamshelwe kwi-fuse kunye ne-charger gun ukuze atshaje imoto yombane. Isekethe yesibini iquka i-charging pile controller, i-card reader, i-display screen, i-DC meter, njl. Ibonelela ngolawulo 'lokuqalisa-ukuyeka' kunye nokusebenza 'kokuyeka okungxamisekileyo', kunye nezixhobo zokunxibelelana phakathi kwabantu noomatshini ezifana nokukhanya kwesignali kunye nesikrini sokubonisa.
Imeko yokusetyenziswa
Iinqwaba zokutshaja zeDCzisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifuna ukuphinda zizaliswe umbane ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yeempawu zazo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Kwicandelo lezothutho lukawonke-wonke, njengeebhasi zesixeko, iiteksi kunye nezinye izithuthi ezihamba rhoqo, i-DC charging pile inika isisombululo esithembekileyo sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Kwiindawo zeenkonzo zendlela, kwiindawo ezinkulu zokuthenga, kwiindawo zokupaka iimoto zikawonke-wonke nakwezinye iindawo zikawonke-wonke, ii-DC charging piles zikwabonelela ngeenkonzo zokutshaja ezilula kubasebenzisi bezithuthi zombane abadlulayo. Ukongeza, ii-DC charging piles zihlala zifakwa kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo ezifana neepaki zoshishino kunye neepaki ze-logistics ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokutshaja zezithuthi ezikhethekileyo epakini. Ngokuthandwa kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, iindawo zokuhlala nazo ziye zaqala kancinci ukufaka ii-DC charging piles ukubonelela ngokulula kokutshaja kwizithuthi zombane zabahlali.
Iimbonakalo
Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nesantya esiphezulu: Ukuguqulwa kwamandla enqwaba yokutshaja ye-DC kugqitywa ngaphakathi kwenqwaba, kuthintela ukulahleka kwe-inverter ekwibhodi kwaye kwenza ukutshaja kube lula ngakumbi. Kwangaxeshanye, amandla okutshaja aphezulu enza ukuba izithuthi zombane zikwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elifutshane.
Isebenza ngokubanzi: Iipali zokutshaja ze-DC zifanelekile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, kubandakanya izithuthi zikawonke-wonke, izikhululo ezikhethekileyo, iindawo zikawonke-wonke kunye neendawo zokuhlala, njl.njl., ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokutshaja zabasebenzisi abahlukeneyo.
Ikrelekrele kwaye ikhuselekile: Iipali zokutshaja ze-DC ezixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yolawulo ekrelekrele zinokujonga imeko yebhetri ngexesha langempela kwaye zilungise ngokuzenzekelayo iiparameter zokutshaja ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yokutshaja.
Khuthaza uphuhliso lwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla: ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwenqwaba yokutshaja yeDC kunika inkxaso enamandla ekuthandweni kwezithuthi ezintsha zamandla kwaye kukhuthaza uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweshishini lezithuthi ezintsha zamandla.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-17-2024
