Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, CCS1, CCS2, GB/T Izihlanganisi: Ingcaciso eneenkcukacha, umahluko, kunye nokwahlulwa kokutshaja kwe-AC/DC
Ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezihlanganisi kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla okukhuselekileyo nokufanelekileyo phakathi kwezithuthi zombane kunyeizikhululo zokutshajaIintlobo eziqhelekileyo zezixhumi zetshaja ye-EV ziquka Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2, CCS1, CCS2 kunye ne-GB/T. Isixhumi ngasinye sineempawu zaso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemodeli ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi kunye nemimandla. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kweziIziqhagamsheli zesitishi sokutshaja se-EVKubalulekile ekukhetheni itshaja ye-EV efanelekileyo. Ezi ziqhagamshelo zokutshaja zahlukile kungekuphela nje kuyilo olubonakalayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwengingqi, kodwa nakwikhono lazo lokubonelela ngombane otshintshanayo (AC) okanye umbane othe ngqo (DC), oya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo isantya sokutshaja kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ke ngoko, xa ukhetha i-Itshaja yemoto, kufuneka ukhethe uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesixhumi ngokusekelwe kwimodeli yakho ye-EV kunye nenethiwekhi yokutshaja kwindawo okuyo.
1. Uhlobo 1 Isixhumi (Ukutshaja kwe-AC)
Inkcazo:Uhlobo 1, olwaziwa ngokuba sisixhumi seSAE J1772, lusetyenziselwa ukutshaja i-AC kwaye lufumaneka kakhulu eMntla Melika naseJapan.
Uyilo:Uhlobo 1 sisixhumi esineephini ezi-5 esenzelwe ukutshaja i-AC yesigaba esinye, esixhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-240V enombane ophezulu we-80A. Sinokuhambisa kuphela amandla e-AC kwisithuthi.
Uhlobo lokutshaja: Ukutshaja kwe-ACUhlobo 1 lunika isithuthi amandla e-AC, aguqulwa abe yi-DC yitshaja yesithuthi ekwinqwelo. Ukutshaja kwe-AC kuhlala kucotha xa kuthelekiswa nokutshaja kwe-DC ngokukhawuleza.
Ukusetyenziswa:UMntla Melika neJapan: Uninzi lweemoto zombane ezenziwe eMelika nezaseJapan, ezifana neChevrolet, iNissan Leaf, kunye neemodeli ezindala zeTesla, zisebenzisa iType 1 yokutshaja i-AC.
Isantya sokutshaja:Isantya sokutshaja esicothayo, kuxhomekeke kwitshaja yesithuthi kunye namandla akhoyo. Idla ngokutshaja kwiNqanaba loku-1 (120V) okanye kwiNqanaba lesi-2 (240V).
2. Uhlobo 2 Isixhumi (Ukutshaja kwe-AC)
Inkcazo:Uhlobo lwesibini lolona luqhelekileyo lwaseYurophu lokutshaja i-AC kwaye lolona qhagamshelo lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-EV eYurophu nakwamanye amazwe ehlabathi.
Uyilo:Isixhumi sohlobo lwesibini esineephini ezisi-7 sixhasa zombini ukutshaja kwe-AC yesigaba esinye (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-230V) kunye nesigaba sesithathu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-400V), okuvumela isantya sokutshaja esikhawulezayo xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo loku-1.
Uhlobo lokutshaja:Ukutshaja kwe-AC: Iziqhagamsheli zohlobo lwesibini nazo zinika amandla e-AC, kodwa ngokungafaniyo nohlobo loku-1, uhlobo lwesibini luxhasa i-AC yesigaba sesithathu, evumela isantya esiphezulu sokutshaja. Amandla asaguqulwa abe yi-DC yitshaja yesithuthi ekwinqwelo.
Ukusetyenziswa: iYurophu:Uninzi lwabenzi beemoto baseYurophu, kuquka iBMW, iAudi, iVolkswagen, kunye neRenault, basebenzisa iType 2 yokutshaja i-AC.
Isantya sokutshaja:Ikhawuleza kune-Type 1: Iitshaja zohlobo lwesibini zinokubonelela ngesantya sokutshaja esikhawulezayo, ingakumbi xa kusetyenziswa i-AC yesigaba sesithathu, enika amandla angaphezulu kune-AC yesigaba esinye.
3. I-CCS1 (Inkqubo yokutshaja edibeneyo 1) –Ukutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC
Inkcazo:I-CCS1 ngumgangatho waseMntla Melika wokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC. Yakha phezu kwesixhumi sohlobo 1 ngokongeza iiphini ezimbini ezongezelelweyo ze-DC zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC enamandla aphezulu.
Uyilo:Isixhumi seCCS1 sidibanisa isixhumi sohlobo 1 (sokutshaja i-AC) kunye neephini ezimbini ezongezelelweyo zeDC (zokutshaja i-DC ngokukhawuleza). Sixhasa zombini i-AC (iNqanaba 1 kunye neNqanaba 2) kunye nokutshaja i-DC ngokukhawuleza.
Uhlobo lokutshaja:Ukutshaja kwe-AC: Isebenzisa uhlobo 1 lokutshaja kwe-AC.
Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-DC:Ezi pini zimbini ezongezelelweyo zibonelela ngamandla e-DC ngqo kwibhetri yesithuthi, zidlula itshaja ekwibhodi kwaye zibonelela ngesantya sokutshaja esikhawulezayo kakhulu.
Ukusetyenziswa: eMntla Melika:Isetyenziswa kakhulu ngabenzi beemoto baseMelika abanjengoFord, Chevrolet, BMW, kunye noTesla (ngeadaptha yezithuthi zeTesla).
Isantya sokutshaja:Ukutshaja kwe-DC okukhawulezayo: I-CCS1 inokufikelela kwi-500A DC, okuvumela isantya sokutshaja esifikelela kwi-350 kW kwezinye iimeko. Oku kuvumela ii-EV ukuba zitshaje ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% kwimizuzu engama-30.
Isantya sokutshaja se-AC:Ukutshaja kwe-AC nge-CCS1 (kusetyenziswa inxenye yohlobo 1) kufana ngesantya nesixhumi esiqhelekileyo sohlobo 1.
4. I-CCS2 (Inkqubo yokutshaja edibeneyo 2) – Ukutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC
Inkcazo:I-CCS2 ngumgangatho waseYurophu wokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC, ngokusekelwe kwisixhumi sohlobo lwesibini. Yongeza iiphini ezimbini ezongezelelweyo ze-DC ukuze ikwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC ngesantya esiphezulu.
Uyilo:Isixhumi seCCS2 sidibanisa isixhumi seType 2 (sokutshaja i-AC) kunye neephini ezimbini ezongezelelweyo zeDC zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kweDC.
Uhlobo lokutshaja:Ukutshaja kwe-AC: Njengohlobo lwesi-2, i-CCS2 ixhasa ukutshaja kwe-AC yesigaba esinye kunye neyesigaba sesithathu, okuvumela ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo loku-1.
Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-DC:Iiphini ezongezelelweyo zeDC zivumela ukuhanjiswa kwamandla eDC ngqo kwibhetri yesithuthi, nto leyo evumela ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunokutshaja kwe-AC.
Ukusetyenziswa: iYurophu:Uninzi lwabavelisi beemoto baseYurophu abanjengoBMW, Volkswagen, Audi, kunye nePorsche basebenzisa iCCS2 ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kweDC.
Isantya sokutshaja:Ukutshaja Okukhawulezileyo kwe-DC: I-CCS2 inokufikelela kwi-500A DC, ivumela izithuthi ukuba zitshaje ngesantya se-350 kW. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwezithuthi lutshaja ukusuka kwi-0% ukuya kwi-80% kwimizuzu engama-30 ngetshaja ye-CCS2 DC.
Isantya sokutshaja se-AC:Ukutshaja kwe-AC nge-CCS2 kufana nohlobo lwesibini, okubonelela nge-AC yesigaba esinye okanye yesigaba sesithathu kuxhomekeke kumthombo wamandla.
5. Isixhumi se-GB/T (Ukutshaja kwe-AC kunye ne-DC)
Inkcazo:Isixhumi se-GB/T sisetyenziswa eTshayina xa kutshajwa i-EV, sisetyenziselwa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-AC kunye ne-DC eTshayina.
Uyilo:Isixhumi se-GB/T AC: Isixhumi esineephini ezi-5, esifana nohlobo 1, esisetyenziselwa ukutshaja i-AC.
Isixhumi se-GB/T DC:Isixhumi esineephini ezisi-7, esisetyenziselwa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC, esifana nomsebenzi we-CCS1/CCS2 kodwa sinolungiselelo olwahlukileyo lwephini.
Uhlobo lokutshaja:Ukutshaja kwe-AC: Isixhumi se-GB/T AC sisetyenziselwa ukutshaja kwe-AC yesigaba esinye, kufana nohlobo 1 kodwa kunomahluko kuyilo lwephini.
Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-DC:Isixhumi se-GB/T DC sibonelela ngombane we-DC ngqo kwibhetri yesithuthi ukuze sitshaje ngokukhawuleza, sidlule kwitshaja ekwinqwelo.
Ukusetyenziswa: eTshayina:Umgangatho we-GB/T usetyenziswa kuphela kwii-EV eTshayina, ezifana nezo zivela kwi-BYD, NIO, kunye neGeely.
Isantya sokutshaja: Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-DC: I-GB/T inokuxhasa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-250A DC, ibonelela ngesantya sokutshaja esikhawulezayo (nangona ngokubanzi singakhawulezi njenge-CCS2, esinokufikelela kwi-500A).
Isantya sokutshaja se-AC:Ngokufana nohlobo 1, inika ukutshaja kwe-AC yesigaba esinye ngesantya esicothayo xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo 2.
Isishwankathelo sokuthelekisa:
| Uphawu | Uhlobo 1 | Uhlobo 2 | I-CCS1 | I-CCS2 | GB/T |
| Ummandla oSetyenziswa kakhulu | UMntla Melika, eJapan | iYurophu | amantla Emelika | IYurophu, iHlabathi liphela | iTshayina |
| Uhlobo loQhagamshelo | Ukutshaja kwe-AC (iiphini ezi-5) | Ukutshaja kwe-AC (iiphini ezi-7) | Ukutshaja okuKhawulezayo kwe-AC kunye ne-DC (iiphini ezi-7) | Ukutshaja okuKhawulezayo kwe-AC kunye ne-DC (iiphini ezi-7) | Ukutshaja okuKhawulezayo kwe-AC kunye ne-DC (iiphini ezi-5-7) |
| Isantya sokutshaja | Phakathi (i-AC kuphela) | Phezulu (i-AC + izigaba ezintathu) | Phezulu (AC + DC Ngokukhawuleza) | Iphezulu Kakhulu (i-AC + DC Fast) | Phezulu (AC + DC Ngokukhawuleza) |
| Amandla aphezulu | 80A (i-AC yesigaba esinye) | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-63A (i-AC enezigaba ezintathu) | 500A (DC ngokukhawuleza) | 500A (DC ngokukhawuleza) | 250A (DC ngokukhawuleza) |
| Abavelisi be-EV abaqhelekileyo | INissan, iChevrolet, iTesla (Iimodeli ezindala) | I-BMW, i-Audi, i-Renault, i-Mercedes | IFord, iBMW, iChevrolet | Iimoto ezinkulu zeVW, iBMW, iAudi, iMercedes-Benz | BYD, NIO, Geely |
Ukutshaja kwe-AC vs. DC: Umahluko oPhambili
| Uphawu | Ukutshaja kwe-AC | Ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kwe-DC |
| Umthombo wamandla | Umbane oTshintshisayo (i-AC) | Umbane othe ngqo (DC) |
| Inkqubo yokutshaja | Izithuthiitshaja ekwinqweloiguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC | I-DC inikezelwa ngqo kwibhetri, idlula itshaja ekwibhodi |
| Isantya sokutshaja | Icotha, kuxhomekeke kumandla (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-22kW kwiType 2) | Ikhawuleza kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-350 kW kwi-CCS2) |
| Ukusetyenziswa Okuqhelekileyo | Ukutshaja ekhaya nasemsebenzini, kancinci kodwa kulula ngakumbi | Izikhululo zikawonke-wonke zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ukuze kukhawuleziswe ukutshintshwa |
| Imizekelo | Uhlobo 1, Uhlobo 2 | Izihlanganisi zeCCS1, CCS2, GB/T DC |
Isiphelo:
Ukukhetha isixhumi sokutshaja esifanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwindawo okuyo kunye nohlobo lwesithuthi sombane onaso. Uhlobo lwesi-2 kunye ne-CCS2 zezona migangatho ziphambili nezamkelweyo ngokubanzi eYurophu, ngelixa i-CCS1 iphambili eMntla Melika. I-GB/T ixhomekeke eTshayina kwaye inikezela ngeenzuzo zayo kwimarike yasekhaya. Njengoko iziseko ze-EV ziqhubeka nokukhula kwihlabathi liphela, ukuqonda ezi zixhumi kuya kukunceda ukhethe itshaja efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.
Nxibelelana nathi ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga netshaja yesithuthi esitsha samandla Isitishi
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-25-2024
