Isisombululo sethu esidibeneyo senkqubo yamandla e-photovoltaic, yokugcina amandla, kunye nokutshaja sizama ukujongana ngobuchule noxinzelelo lweemoto zombane ngokudibanisaiinqwaba zokutshaja ze-ev, ii-photovoltaics, kunye netekhnoloji yokugcina amandla ebhetri. Ikhuthaza ukuhamba okuluhlaza kwezithuthi zombane ngokusebenzisa amandla amatsha e-photovoltaic, ngelixa ixhasa ukugcina amandla inciphisa uxinzelelo lwegridi olubangelwa yimithwalo enzima. Igqibezela uthotho lweshishini lebhetri ngokusebenzisa amazinga ahlukeneyo, iqinisekisa uphuhliso olusempilweni lweshishini. Ukwakhiwa kwale nkqubo yamandla edibeneyo kukhuthaza umbane kunye nophuhliso olukrelekrele lweshishini, okuvumela ukuguqulwa kwamandla acocekileyo, njengamandla elanga, abe ngamandla ombane ngokusebenzisa ii-photovoltaics kwaye iwagcine kwiibhetri. Iinqwaba zokutshaja kwezithuthi zombane emva koko zidlulisela la mandla ombane ukusuka kwiibhetri ukuya kwizithuthi zombane, zisombulula ingxaki yokutshaja.
I. I-Topology yeNkqubo yeMicrogrid yokuTshaja yePhotovoltaic-Storage-Charging
Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo ongentla, izixhobo eziphambili ze-topology ye-photovoltaic edibeneyo, indawo yokugcina amandla, kunye ne-charging microgrid system topology zichazwe ngezantsi:
1. Isiguquli sokugcina amandla esingaphandle kwegridi: Icala le-AC lesiguquli se-250kW liqhagamshelwe ngaxeshanye nebhasi ye-380V AC, kwaye icala le-DC liqhagamshelwe ngaxeshanye neziguquli ezine ze-50kW macala omabini ze-DC/DC, okuvumela ukuhamba kwamandla ngamacala omabini, oko kukuthi, ukutshaja nokukhupha ibhetri.
2. Ii-converter ze-DC/DC ezibhekisa kwicala elinye: Icala le-high-voltage yee-converter ezine ze-50kW DC/DC liqhagamshelwe kwi-terminal ye-DC ye-converter, kwaye icala le-low-voltage liqhagamshelwe kwi-power battery pack. I-converter nganye ye-DC/DC iqhagamshelwe kwi-battery pack enye.
3. Inkqubo yebhetri enamandla: Iiseli ezilishumi elinesithandathu ze-3.6V/100Ah (1P16S) zenza imodyuli enye yebhetri (57.6V/100Ah, umthamo oqhelekileyo yi-5.76KWh). Iimodyuli zebhetri ezilishumi elinesibini ziqhagamshelwe kuthotho ukwenza iqela lebhetri (691.2V/100Ah, umthamo oqhelekileyo yi-69.12KWh). Iqela lebhetri liqhagamshelwe kwisiphelo se-voltage esiphantsi se-DC/DC converter ejikelezayo. Inkqubo yebhetri ineeqela zebhetri ezine ezinomthamo oqhelekileyo we-276.48 kWh.
4. Imodyuli ye-MPPT: Icala le-voltage ephezulu yemodyuli ye-MPPT liqhagamshelwe ngaxeshanye nebhasi ye-750V DC, ngelixa icala le-voltage ephantsi liqhagamshelwe kwi-photovoltaic array. I-photovoltaic array ineentambo ezintandathu, nganye iqulethe iimodyuli ezili-18 ze-275Wp eziqhagamshelwe kuthotho, ukuze kubekho iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic ezili-108 kunye nemveliso yamandla iyonke eyi-29.7 kWp.
5. Izitishi zokutshaja: Inkqubo iquka ezintathu ezingama-60kWizitishi zokutshaja ze-dc ev(inani kunye namandla ezitishi zokutshaja zinokulungiswa ngokusekwe kukuhamba kwezithuthi kunye nemfuno yamandla yemihla ngemihla). Icala le-AC lezitishi zokutshaja liqhagamshelwe kwibhasi ye-AC kwaye linokusetyenziswa yi-photovoltaics, indawo yokugcina amandla, kunye negridi.
6. I-EMS kunye ne-MGCC: Ezi nkqubo zenza imisebenzi efana nokutshaja nokulawula inkqubo yokugcina amandla kunye nokubeka esweni ulwazi lwe-SOC yebhetri ngokwemiyalelo evela kwiziko lokuhambisa elikumgangatho ophezulu.
II. Iimpawu zeNkqubo zamandla eziHlanganisiweyo zePhotovoltaic-Storage-Charging Energy
1. Le nkqubo isebenzisa uyilo lolawulo olunemigangatho emithathu: umaleko ophezulu yinkqubo yolawulo lwamandla, umaleko ophakathi yinkqubo yolawulo oluphambili, kwaye umaleko osezantsi ngumaleko wezixhobo. Le nkqubo idibanisa izixhobo zokuguqula ubungakanani, izixhobo ezinxulumene nokubeka esweni umthwalo kunye nokukhusela, okwenza ukuba ibe yinkqubo ezimeleyo ekwaziyo ukuzilawula, ukuzikhusela, kunye nokulawula.
2. Icebo lokuhambisa amandla lenkqubo yokugcina amandla lihlengahlengiswa/limiselwe ngokuguquguqukayo ngokusekelwe kumaxabiso ombane aphezulu, aphantsi, kunye namaxabiso ombane aphantsi kwe-power grid kunye ne-SOC (okanye i-terminal voltage) yeebhetri zokugcina amandla. Inkqubo yamkela ukuthunyelwa okuvela kwinkqubo yolawulo lwamandla (EMS) ukuze kulawulwe ngokukrelekrele ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha itshaja.
3. Le nkqubo inomsebenzi opheleleyo wonxibelelwano, ukubeka esweni, ukulawula, ukulawula, ukulumkisa kwangethuba, kunye nokukhusela, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo nangokukhuselekileyo ixesha elide. Imeko yokusebenza kwenkqubo inokubekwa esweni ngekhompyutha ephetheyo, kwaye inamandla okuhlalutya idatha amaninzi.
4. Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri (i-BMS) inxibelelana nenkqubo yolawulo lwamandla (i-EMS), ilayisha ulwazi lwephakheji yebhetri, kwaye, ngokubambisana ne-EMS kunye ne-PCS, ifezekisa imisebenzi yokubeka esweni nokukhusela iphakheji yebhetri.
Le projekthi isebenzisa i-PCS yokuguqula amandla okugcina amandla yohlobo lwe-tower, edibanisa izixhobo zokutshintsha ezikwi-grid nezingaphandle kwegridi kunye neekhabhathi zokusasaza. Inomsebenzi wokutshintsha okungenamthungo phakathi kwe-grid kunye ne-off-grid kwimizuzwana engenanto, ixhasa iindlela ezimbini zokutshaja: umbane ongapheliyo okwi-grid kunye namandla angapheliyo, kwaye yamkela ucwangciso lwexesha langempela oluvela kwikhompyutha ephetheyo.
III. Ulawulo kunye noLawulo lweNkqubo yoGcino kunye nokuTshaja yePhotovoltaic
Ulawulo lwenkqubo lusebenzisa uyilo olunamanqanaba amathathu: i-EMS lulwaleko oluphezulu lokuhlela, umlawuli wenkqubo lulwaleko oluphakathi lokuququzelela, kwaye ii-DC-DC kunye nee-charging lulwaleko lwezixhobo.
I-EMS kunye nomlawuli wenkqubo zizinto ezibalulekileyo, ezisebenzisanayo ukulawula kunye nokuhlela inkqubo yokutshaja ye-photovoltaic-storage-charging:
1. Imisebenzi ye-EMS
1) Amaqhinga okulawula ukuthunyelwa kwamandla anokulungiswa ngokulula kwaye iindlela zokugcina umbane zokutshaja nokukhupha amandla kunye nemiyalelo yamandla zinokumiselwa ngokwexabiso lombane wegridi yengingqi yexesha eliphakathi kwentlambo nentlambo.
2) I-EMS yenza uhlolo lwe-telemetry ngexesha langempela kunye nokubeka esweni ukhuseleko lwe-signaling ekude kwizixhobo eziphambili ngaphakathi kwenkqubo, kuquka kodwa kungaphelelanga apho kwi-PCS, i-BMS, ii-inverters ze-photovoltaic, kunye nee-charging piles, kwaye ilawula iziganeko ze-alamu ezixelwe zizixhobo kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha yembali ngendlela edibeneyo.
3) I-EMS inokulayisha idatha yokuqikelela inkqubo kunye neziphumo zohlalutyo lokubala kwiziko lokuthumela elikumgangatho ophezulu okanye kwiseva yonxibelelwano olukude nge-Ethernet okanye i-4G yonxibelelwano, kwaye ifumane imiyalelo yokuthumela ngexesha langempela, iphendula kulawulo lwamaza e-AGC, ukucheba okuphezulu, kunye nokunye ukuhambisa ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zenkqubo yamandla.
4) I-EMS ifezekisa ulawulo lonxibelelwano neenkqubo zokubeka esweni okusingqongileyo kunye nokukhusela umlilo: ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izixhobo zivaliwe ngaphambi kokuba kubekho umlilo, ikhupha ii-alamu kunye nee-alamu ezivakalayo nezibonakalayo, kwaye ilayisha iziganeko ze-alamu ngasemva.
2. Imisebenzi yoMlawuli weNkqubo:
1) Umlawuli oququzelela inkqubo ufumana amaqhinga okucwangcisa kwi-EMS: iindlela zokutshaja/zokukhupha umbane kunye nemiyalelo yokuhlela umbane. Ngokusekelwe kumthamo we-SOC webhetri yokugcina umbane, imeko yokutshaja/zokukhupha umbane webhetri, ukuveliswa kombane we-photovoltaic, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenqwaba zokutshaja, ilungisa ulawulo lwebhasi ngokuguquguquka. Ngokulawula ukutshaja nokukhupha umbane we-DC-DC converter, ifikelela kulawulo lokutshaja/zokukhupha umbane webhetri yokugcina umbane, iphucula ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokugcina umbane.
2) Ukudibanisa imo yokutshaja/yokukhupha i-DC-DC kunyeinqwaba yokutshaja imoto yombaneimeko yokutshaja, kufuneka ilungise umda wamandla we-inverter ye-photovoltaic kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla kwimodyuli ye-PV. Kwakhona kufuneka ilungise imo yokusebenza yemodyuli ye-PV kunye nokulawula ibhasi yenkqubo.
3. Umaleko weZixhobo – Imisebenzi ye-DC-DC:
1) I-Power actuator, eqonda ukuguqulwa okulinganayo phakathi kwamandla elanga kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical.
2) Isiguquli seDC-DC sifumana imeko yeBMS kwaye, xa sidibene nemiyalelo yokulawula inkqubo, senza ulawulo lweDC cluster ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwebhetri.
3) Ingafikelela ekuzilawuleni, ekulawuleni nasekuzikhuseleni ngokweenjongo ezimiselweyo.
-ISIPHELO-
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-28-2025
