Impompo yamanzi elangaziyakhula ngokuthandwa njengendlela ezinzileyo nenendleko zokuhambisa amanzi acocekileyo kuluntu nakwiifama. Kodwa wenza njani kanye kanye kanye impompo yamanzi asebenza ngayo?
Impompo yamanzi elanga isebenzisa amandla elanga ukuya kwimpompo yamanzi ukusuka kwimithombo engaphantsi komhlaba okanye iindawo zokugcina amanzi kumphezulu. Ziqulathe izinto ezintathu eziphambili: Iiphaneli zesola, iimpompo kunye nabalawuli. Makhe siqwalasele icandelo ngalinye kunye nendlela abasebenza ngayo kunye ukubonelela ngoncedo lwamanzi athembekileyo.
Elona candelo libalulekileyo lenkqubo ye-pump yelanga yelanga yiIphaneli yelanga. Iiphaneli zenziwe ngeeseli zefotovoltaic eziguqula ukukhanya kwelanga zibe ngqo kumbane. Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha iphaneli yelanga, iiseli zefotovoltaic zivelisa ngqo okwangoku (i-DC), emva koko zithunyelwe kumlawuli, olawula ukuhamba okukhoyo kwimpompo.
Impompo inoxanduva lokuhambisa amanzi ukusuka kumthombo ukuya apho kufuneka khona. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempompo ezifumanekayo kwiinkqubo zokupeyinta zamanzi zelanga, kubandakanya iimpompo ze-cemrifugal kunye neempompo ezinemigangatho. Ezi pumps zenzelwe ukuba zisebenze kwaye ziqine, zibavumela ukuba baqhubeke nokusebenza nakwindawo ezikude okanye ezinzima.
Okokugqibela, umlawuli usebenza njengeengqondo zokusebenza. Iqinisekisa ukuba impompo isebenza kuphela xa kukho ukukhanya kwelanga okwaneleyo okusemandleni, kwaye kukhusela impompo kumonakalo onokubangelwa luxinzelelo okanye ngaphezulu. Abanye abalawuli balawuli bakwabandakanya iimpawu ezifana nokubeka esweni kude nedatha, ukuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba balandele ukusebenza kwenkqubo kwaye benze naluphi na uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko.
Ke, zonke ezi candelo zisebenza njani kunye emanzini asebenzisa amandla elanga? Inkqubo iqala ngeephaneli zelanga efunxa ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye iguqula ibe ngumbane. La mandla athunyelwa kumlawuli, ogqiba ukuba kukho amandla aneleyo okuqhuba impompo. Ukuba iimeko zilungile, umlawuli uvula impompo, ethi iqale ukutyibilika amanzi ukusuka kumthombo kwaye iwuse indawo yokugcina, nokuba yindawo yokunkcenkceshela okanye imfuyo yokunkcenkceshela. Ngalo lonke ixesha kukho ukukhanya kwelanga okwaneleyo ukulawula impompo, iya kuqhubeka nokusebenza, ibonelela ngoncedo olungapheliyo lwamanzi ngaphandle kwesidingo se-fossil yefosili okanye umbane wegridi.
Kukho izibonelelo ezininzi zokusebenzisa inkqubo yamanzi elanga. Okokuqala, zinobuhlobo obunobuhlobo kuba zivelisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza kwaye zixhomekeke kumandla ahlaziyiweyo. Ukongeza, zisebenza ngeendleko njengoko zinokunciphisa kakhulu okanye zikuphelise iindleko zombane kunye neendleko zepetroli. Impompo yamanzi elanga ikwafuna ulondolozo oluncinci kwaye libe lithuba elinde, libenza isisombululo sokuthengiswa kwamanzi esizinzileyo kunye nokuzinzileyo kweendawo ezikude okanye ezimgxobileyo.
Ngamafutshane, umgaqo wokusebenzela wempompo yamanzi elanga kukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukuba limpompomeze amanzi aphantsi komhlaba okanye iindawo zokugcina amanzi kumphezulu. Ngokusebenzisa iiphaneli ze-solar, iimpompo kunye nabalawuli, ezi nkqubo zibonelela ngendlela ecocekileyo, ethembekileyo nenendleko zokufumana amanzi apho kufuneka khona. Njengoko itekhnoloji iyaqhubeka ukuqhubela phambili, iimpompo zamanzi elanga ziya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi ekuboneleleni amanzi acocekileyo kuluntu nakwizolimo kwihlabathi liphela.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: FEB-29-2024
